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Showing 22 results for Covid-19
H Rostami, M Fatehi , A Fathi, A Moradi,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background & aim: Covid-19 is a new virus that the human immune system is not immune to. In addition to physical problems, the virus also has negative psychological consequences. The aim of the present study was to compare resilience, happiness and lifestyle in patients with covid-19 and healthy individuals.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical case study was conducted in 2020. The statistical population of the study was all patients with coronavirus hospitalized and healthy patients in Al-Ghadir Hospital in Tabriz in April 2020. Thirty patients with Covid-19 were hospitalized and 30 healthy individuals were selected from the hospital with accessibility and Connor and Davidson resilience, Oxford happiness and Miller and Smith lifestyle questionnaires were administered among them. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and Levin test.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of reproductive scores in patients with Covid -19 was 71/90 ±22/35 and in healthy people was 96/70 ±17/20; The mean and standard deviation of happiness scores in patients with Covid -19 was 21/40±3/81 and in healthy people 23/33±2/80 and the mean and standard deviation of lifestyle scores in patients with Covid -19 equal to 68/53 ± 9/78 and in healthy people was 73/43±9/36. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the scores of resilience, happiness and lifestyle were lower among people with Quaid-19 than healthy people (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Given the increasing prevalence of coronary heart disease, it is better for the country's authorities to take psychological measures to increase resilience, happiness and a healthy lifestyle in patients with Covid-19 who have been exposed to mental and emotional disorde
D Firoozi , M Haqqani , S Javadan Sirat, A Paymard, Ak Ghadimi Moghadam ,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background & aim: Acute respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19), which was identified in December 2019, is rapidly progressing and spreading in the world and has been identified by the World Health Organization as a major global threat. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and investigate the relationship between underlying diseases and hospitalization in intensive care units in patients with Covid-19 in Yasuj.
Methods: Among the patients referred to the infectious department of Shahid Jalil Hospital in Yasuj, 48 real positive patients were selected based on clinical diagnostic tests (RT. PCR diagnostic test). Determination of underlying diseases was based on self-declaration during the questionnaire as well as patients' clinical history.
Results: Of the 48 patients admitted with COVID-19, 46% (23 patients) were reported to be patients with underlying disease, of which 20.83% were related to hypertension, 12.5% to diabetes, and 8.33% to ischemic heart disease (IDH), 4.34% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 2% had nominal disease. 20% of patients were admitted to the ICU. There was also a positive and significant relationship between hypertension, diabetes, myocardial ischemia and ICU admission.
Conclusion: Patients with any underlying disease had poorer clinical outcomes than those without the disease. More underlying diseases are also associated with poorer clinical outcomes and the need for hospitalization in the ICU.
Ak Ghadimi Moghadam , A Mousavizadeh , H Bayatmanesh,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background & aim: New Acute Respiratory Coronavirus Syndrome 2 is responsible for Covid 19 infection which is transmitted from human to human through respiratory secretions and contact. But there is no clear evidence of intrauterine transmission in infants. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to report a case of vertical intrauterine transmission of neonatal Covid-19 (SARS-COV2) disease in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces, Iran.
Case present: The patient is a one-day-old single-twin baby with a positive PCR test from a normal delivery from a mother with a positive PCR referred to the maternity ward of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, that baby was born to a mother with active Covid 19 infection. According to the clinical and laboratory information provided from the infant with positive PCR, the clinical and general condition of the infant at birth and subsequent fallopian tubes were normal and the disease in the infant was asymptomatic.
Conclusion: Findings from this report support the vertical intrauterine transfer of Covid-19 from mother to infant.
M Haqqani, Ak Ghadimi Moghadam , M Qaderian, M Kiani ,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background & aim: SARS-COVID-2 is a single-strand RNA, β-coronavirus strand that causes COVID-19 disease,which The virus has caused a worldwide epidemic. The new virus is responsible for the development of acute pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome is another type of coronavirus that originated in Saudi Arabia and has caused a regional epidemic. Despite some similarities between Covid 19 and other coronavirus-related diseases, some of its CT scan and clinical findings remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between Covid 19 and Mers disease in different stages of the disease in terms of clinical aspects and CT scan.
Methods: For this review study, in order to identify related articles, among the databases of Pabmad, Google Sclar, Scopus and Web of Science with the keywords "COVID-19", "MERS-CoV", "Computed Tomography" and "Chest The search was completed and 30 articles were found. Among them, 21 English-language articles related to SARS were collected and relevant statistical information was collected.
Results: At first glance, Covid 19 has a much lower mortality rate than MERS. The death rate is 3.2% in Corona and 4.24% in Mers. The most common radiological signs found in Covid 19 and Mercer are frosted glass (GGO), lung consolidation, and GGO coated lung consolidation. Fever, cough, headache and sore throat are the most common clinical symptoms of these two diseases and in the next categories of shortness of breath and ARDS are seen in patients with severe symptoms.
Conclusion: No statistically significant difference was seen in the mean number of chest CT scan findings between Covid 19 and MERS patients except in pleural effusion.
J Reisi , A Aghababa, H Rohani , M Nabilpour,
Volume 25, Issue 0 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background & aim: Government action during the Covid 19 pandemic have placed many restrictions on daily life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of social distance plan in the conditions of Corona virus on physical activity and mood state of the people of Isfahan citizens.
Methods: the present descriptive-analytical study that was conducted during the quarantine due to the prevalence of covid -19 disease. A total of 411 (131 males and 280 females) residents of Isfahan entered the study and completed the International online physical activity short form (GPAQ) questionnaire from April 1 to June 2, 2016. Also, a 16-item short evaluation questionnaire (POMS) was used to assess participants' moods. Analysis of variance with repeated measures, univariate analysis of variance and regression were used to answer the basic questions of this study.
Results: a significant decrease was seen in the intensity and number of weekly sessions of physical activity in terms of social distance compared to the previous period (p = 0.001). 11.8% of the subjects reduced the duration of their training session due to social distance and increased it by 5%, while 83.2% of the subjects did not change the duration of their training session (p = 0.001). Correspondingly, people who did not change the number of weekly sessions of physical activity during the period of social distance compared to before (p = 0.001), had a better mood in the positive components and all in the negative components (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: While social distance is an essential measure to protect public health, the results revealed that it reduces the level of physical activity that may endanger physical and mental health. These observations have potentially important implications that can help with the recommendations for physical activity to maintain health during illness.
F Bagheri Sheykhangafshe,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Hospital medical staff were less sexually active during the COVID-19 pandemic due to networking, distance from family, and COVID-19 anxiety. Given that nearly two years have passed since the outbreak of COVID-19 in the world and we are still witnessing the mutation of this deadly virus, first of all, it is necessary to evaluate the sexual satisfaction of hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since sexual satisfaction is directly related to a person's mental health, more research is needed on the factors that can play a role in a couple's arousal and sexual desire during the coronation. The use of Tele-medical and psychiatric care is one of the good solutions that can solve the problems and sexual disorders of individuals and, consequently, improve the physical and mental health of families. To this end, we need to raise awareness of people, especially couples who are not satisfied with their sexual function, about the significant role of sexual activity in boosting the immune system and counteracting COVID-19 to see the least harm among families.
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T Bahramfard , Sh Zarehpour , Sz Saeedi, A Zandi Qashqaei , A Pourmahmoudi,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background & aim: Considering that pregnant women are one of the health sensitive groups and their mental health and mental well-being is effective on their health, family and society and on the other hand due to the prevalence of COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on psychological dimensions of this study; therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the state of mental health and well-being and its relationship with the weight gain of pregnant mothers during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease.
Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2021. The statistical population included 245 pregnant women referring to health centers in Yasuj during the pandemic of COVID-19. Evaluation of mental health status and mental well-being and their related factors during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic were obtained according to the required information through two questionnaires of general health and psychological well-being (Reef) and demographic characteristics including: (age, education level of pregnant mother and spouse) Employment status of pregnant mother and spouse, frequency of pregnancy, gestational age and body mass index) were asked in an interview. The collected data were analyzed using Kolmogorfe-Smirno, Kruskal-Wallis, Human Whitney, Spearman and Pearson statistical tests.
Results: The present study was conducted on 245 pregnant women with a mean and standard deviation of 29.72. 6.61. The mean and standard deviation of the total mental health score in the studied pregnant women was 24.50 11 11.32, which according to the cut-off point 23 for the mental health of Iranians, the results of this study showed that 62.9% of pregnant mothers were suspected of having the disorder. The study of psychological well-being of pregnant women indicated that the mean total score and standard deviation of psychological well-being was 11.58 74 74.19. The results of the study showed that pre-pregnancy weight and current weight of the pregnant mother with mean mental health scores (p = 0.05 and r = -0.125) and (p = 0.024 and r = -0.144, respectively)) There is a significant inverse relationship with the mean score of psychological well-being (directly (p = 0.020 and r = 0.148, respectively) and (p = 0.043 and r = 0.129, respectively).
Conclusion: The present study revealed that the prevalence of mental disorders in pregnant women in Yasuj during the COVID-19 pandemic was high; therefore, the issue can play a major role in the health of mother, fetus and infant after birth. Among the related factors studied, the level of literacy of the pregnant mother, pre-pregnancy weight and current weight of the mother had a significant correlation with the mean score of mental health and psychological well-being.
M Harfsheno , N Rasouli Amirhjloo, M Harfsheno ,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & aim: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease of the respiratory system that has been identified by the World Health Organization as an epidemic. Patients with Down syndrome are more likely to develop Covid 19 disease with more severe complications due to their comorbidities. The aim of this study was to determine the status and severity of the disease in patients with Down syndrome in the corona virus pandemic (COVID-19).
Methods: The present descriptive-prospective and applied study was conducted in 2021 on 111 patients with COVID-19 in the age range of 20-40 referred to hospitals in southwestern Iran whose disease was confirmed by CT scan and RT-PCR. Fifteen patients with Down syndrome and 96 patients were considered as a control group. First, the demographic variables of all patients were studied and recorded, and then the clinical and clinical information related to Covid-19 was evaluated and recorded. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square and T-test statistical tests and P less than 0.05 was considered as a significant level.
Results: In the present study, 15 patients with Down syndrome with COVID-19 infection (mean age 26.14 11 11 years) and 96 Covid-19 patients with control group (mean age 38.34 23 23.2 years) were studied. In the group with Down syndrome, there were 9 males and 6 females, and in the control group, 54 males and 42 females. Further studies to determine the final status of patients were found that in patients with Down syndrome the rate and percentage of hospitalization in the intensive care unit 8 (53%), intubation 7 (45%), hospital discharge 7 (45%) and mortality 8 (54%) In the control group, the rate and percentage of hospitalization in the intensive care unit was 4 (4%), intubation was 4 (4%), hospital discharge was 92 (92%) and mortality was 4 (4%) (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that due to immune system disorders and physical and clinical aspects of people with Down syndrome, there is a concern that these patients are more at risk of death from coronavirus than other people in the community. Therefore, more care and supervision by their caregivers to prevent infection with the Covid-19 virus, adequate care by the treatment staff in hospitals in case of hospitalization, and placing these people in the priority of receiving vaccination is highly required. It can also help raise awareness of infectious diseases and pandemics that may occur in the future.
K Mobarki Dil , V Tahmasebi, A Hadinia , F Hadinia,
Volume 27, Issue 5 (8-2022)
Abstract
Background & aim: SARS-CoV-2 virus expresses specific patterns of genetic diversity in the genome. These changes in the virus and its genetic diversity in human populations can determine the transmission of the virus and the severity of the Covid-19 disease. Genetic diversity and immune differences in human populations can be the driving force in the evolution of the virus and its escape from the immune system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic changes and escape routes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from immune responses.
Methods: In this review article conducted in 2021 at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, studies published in electronic databases; Pub-Med, Science Direct, Elsevier, Scopus and Google Scholar were investigated regarding the genetic diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its ways of escaping the immune system.
Results: The results indicated that various mutations have been observed in SARS-CoV-2 virus types, some of these mutations are effective on viral characteristics such as infection and severity of the covid-19 disease and are related to the ability to escape from immune responses and can lead to inhibition of innate immune responses. and be acquired.
Conclusion: By identifying the types of mutations of SARS-CoV-2 virus and their relationship with the ways of escaping from the immune system, we can hope for effective treatment methods as well as obtaining vaccines with greater efficiency and effectiveness.
M Sharifi , F Bazarganipour , Sav Taqvi , A Khosravi , S Ebrahimi , A Montazeri , Sh Amirjani , N Hosseini ,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (11-2022)
Abstract
Background & aim: Although tools for measuring job burnout have been psychometrically tested in Iran, it seems crucial to have an instrument that can be used by the general society. The Covid-19 burnout scale (COVID-19-BS) is the only tool available to assess the burnout following Covid-19 in the general population. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and examine the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the Covid-19 Burnout Scale (COVID-19-BS).
Methods: The present cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021 on 137 participants in Yasuj, Iran. After the linguistic validation of the Iranian version of COVID-19-BS, the panel of experts evaluated the questionnaire questions by evaluating the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). At that point, a semi-structured interview was conducted to assess face validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to show the constructs of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured using the internal consistency test and test-retest analysis. The collected data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation coefficient, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results: Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) for COVID-19-BS were 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. A two-factor structure (physical and mental burnout symptoms) appeared in the EFA test, which was responsible for 67.51% of the observed variance. CFA results for the extracted two-factor structure showed an acceptable fit. Also, acceptable results were shown for internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha from 0.89 to 0.73) and intraclass correlation coefficients (between 0.72 and 0.80).
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated a favorable preliminary psychometric test of COVID-19-BS in the Iranian population. The COVID-19-BS questionnaire is the first valid questionnaire in Farsi language regarding job burnout following Covid-19 in the general population, which may be useful for other Farsi-speaking countries that are exposed to job burnout due to Covid-19.
H Nazari, R Ostavar , H Soltani,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background & aim: managed care is an example of modern health care systems whose task is to control the cost of services in a cost-effective manner through managed care organizations. Considering that several factors such as inadequate budget, unnecessary prescriptions and tests, incorrect payment system are observed in Iran. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and explain the model of managed care for emerging respiratory infectious diseases in Iran's healthcare system.
Methods: The present case study and semi-structured interview was conducted on 12 experts and professors in 2019 leading to the development of research model criteria. For emerging respiratory infectious diseases, based on content analysis technique, these factors and indicators are categorized. Considering that the purpose of this research is an exploratory combination of the sequential type and the tooling model, designing and editing the model based on the criteria of the model design. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests of generalized linear models, Hotelling's t and Bonferroni's post-test.
Results: Based on the conducted interviews and review of previous researches, Factors affecting the managed care pattern for emerging respiratory infectious diseases were identified and divided into five separate dimensions and placed into 13 categories based on axial coding. In this model, 5 main categories of financing, providing resources, information and research, servicing and equipping, as well as government agents were identified as the main categories. Also, the managed care status of emerging respiratory infectious disease (Corona) was ranked first and other diseases were ranked next. The managed care of rural centers was significantly better than urban centers.
Conclusion: In general, planning to establish these organizations as a private sector of insurance alongside the treatment sector is inevitable, so a model that could facilitate the traditional system and move towards the new system is essential.
M Ahmadi , M Asadi , Z Rahami ,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background & aim: Covid-19 is an emergent virus which has infected millions of people and triggered a serious circumstance all over the world. Due to the high prevalence of Covid-19 and limited treatment capacity, quick identification of factors which indicate the severity of the disease can be very helpful. The purpose of the present study was to determine and investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein and lymphopenia with the severity of the disease in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 in Yasuj, Iran, in 2019.
Methods: The present descriptive study was of retrospective type and available sampling method was used in 2019 on 206 patients with covid-19 where blood oxygen level, CT scan and CRP and blood lymphocyte levels were the main factors investigated. The sampling method was census and using a predetermined checklist, the required information was extracted from the files of patients admitted to the hospital. In this study, the background information of the patients including age, gender, clinical symptoms, length of stay in the hospital, the patient's condition based on discharge with relative recovery or death were collected. Furthermore, paraclinical information including: percentage of blood oxygen saturation, white blood cell count, lymphocyte, CRP and lung involvement in CT scan were extracted from the patients' files. The collected data were analyzed using the Willicion test and one-way analysis of variance.
Results: The participants in the present study included 206 people whose average age was 51.39 years. 103 (50%) were men and 103 (50%) were women. The results of one-way analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of lymphocytes in patients with severe, moderate and mild disease based on the oxygen level (p=0.03), but the CRP level in these patients was based on the blood oxygen level (p=0.32). CT scan (p=0.07) did not show any significant difference. In addition, there was no significant difference in the amount of lymphocytes in patients with severe, moderate and mild corona based on CT scan (p=0.14).
Conclusion: According to the findings obtained from the present study, it appeared that the level of lymphopenia can be used to predict the severity of the disease in patients with covid-19, but the level of CRP can be used to predict the severity of the disease in Covid-19 patients cannot be used based on the obtained results.
H Vafapour , F Vafapour, S Borzoui Sileh,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (4-2023)
Abstract
1.Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus.
2.Salimi R, Gomar R, Heshmati B. The COVID-19 outbreak in Iran. Journal of Global Health 2020; 10(1): . 010365.
3.Wang G, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhang J, Jiang F. Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet 2020; 395(10228): 945-7.
4.Mohan A, Sen P, Peeush P, Shah C, Jain E. Impact of online classes and home confinement on myopia progression in children during COVID-19 pandemic: digital eye strain among kids (DESK) study 4. Indian journal of ophthalmology 2022; 70(1): 241.
5.Saw SM. Epidemiology of myopia. Epidemiologic Reviews 1996; 18(2): 175-87.
6.Medina A. The cause of myopia development and progression: Theory, evidence, and treatment. Survey of ophthalmology 2022; 67(2): 488-509.
7.Saxena R, Vashist P, Tandon R, Pandey RM, Bhardawaj A, Gupta V, Menon V. Incidence and progression of myopia and associated factors in urban school children in Delhi: The North India Myopia Study (NIM Study). PloS one 2017; 12(12): e0189774.
8.Sherwin JC, Reacher MH, Keogh RH, Khawaja AP, Mackey DA, Foster PJ. The association between time spent outdoors and myopia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology 2012; 119(10): 2141-51.
Armaghane-danesh, Yasuj University of Letter to the Editor Sciences Journal (YUMSJ)
Prediction of No Increase in Myopia in Rural Students with Low Educational Facilities Compared to Urban Areas During the Covid-19 Epidemic in Iran
Vafapour H1*, Vafapour F2, Borzoui Sileh S1
1Department of Radiology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran, 2Department of Internal Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Iran
vafapour7@gmail.com
f.vafapour1@gmail.com
Abstract
The start of the corona virus epidemic was from China, this epidemic changed the lifestyle in different countries. One of the most important changes was in the field of education. Many education systems around the world changed from face-to-face to face-to-face and virtual. Students were forced to spend too much time at home looking at digital screens. Long-term presence in the closed environment of houses led to many problems, including obesity, mental and intellectual problems, and most importantly, the increase in the incidence of myopia. In the meantime, students in rural and low-income areas were forced to attend in-person education in schools due to the lack of non-attendance education facilities. We believe that the mentioned problems, including myopia, in these people are due to exposure to risk factors that were less in the other group.
M Shahamat , Sm Ahmadi , S Reisi , M Malekzadeh ,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & aim: The medical staff involved in the fight against the Covid-19 disease experience high physical and mental pressures. In this regard, it is necessary to investigate the psychological symptoms of healthcare workers at risk and compare them with other populations. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing psychological symptoms in the medical staff of specialized medical centers with the medical staff of non-specific Corona centers.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of a comparative type that was conducted from August to December 2021. The statistical population was all the medical staff of specific and non-specific Corona medical centers of hospitals in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmed state in 2021. 169 of them were selected using the available sampling method. Questionnaires for demographic information, patient health (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety (GAD-7), and Pittsburgh sleep quality (PSQI) was used. SPSS-25 statistical software, descriptive indices, independent t-test, and chi-square (chi-square) test were used for data analysis.
Results: 97 people (57.40%) of the participants were in special medical centers for Corona and 72 people (42.60%) were in non-specific medical centers for Corona. There was a significant difference between the research groups in terms of the participant infected with Corona (P<0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the research groups in terms of anxiety (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between them in terms of depression and sleep quality (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the high anxiety of the frontline medical staff, it is necessary to design and implement trainings and interventions based on anxiety reduction for them.
- A Mousavizadeh , - M Behnampur, - R Alaei, - H Askarpour, - S Darabi, Sayed H Faghihi,
Volume 28, Issue 4 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & aim: The Covid-19 pandemic has presented the world with a wide array of economic, social, political, and health problems. Therefore, providing people with correct and timely information can significantly help disease management and reduce death cases. The present study aimed to assess the epidemiology of Covid-19 in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province.
Methods: The current study descriptive study of the epidemic trend was carried out in 2022. The data was collected by reviewing the valid information collected in the academic headquarters of the control of Kogilouye and Boyer Ahmad province, Iran, and the systems related to this disease in the period of 33 months after the first confirmed case of the disease was identified in the province. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including mean and frequency percentage.
Results: With the removal of travel restrictions, there was an increase in disease cases in the province. The incidence rate and percentage of positive Covid-19 cases in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province were much higher than the national average. The highest percentage of positive rate in the samples was associated to the month of November 2019 with 56.59% nonetheless the percentage of case fatality rate caused by the disease in the province is lower than the national average (.86 against 1.91 percent). The percentage of Covid-19 related deaths in the province was lower than the national average. At the same time, with an increase in vaccination coverage and the percentage of infection in the province, a decrease in cases of infection, hospitalization, and Covid-19-related death were observed. The comparison of the first and last peaks of the disease in the province demonstrates the marked effect of vaccination.
Conclusion: Encouraging and persuading the community about the importance of vaccination, especially the third round and also the injection of the fourth dose of the Covid-19 vaccination, with the priority of health system personnel and people with underlying diseases, using the capacity of other institutions and organizations, especially the radio and television of the provincial capital is the safest and most optimal means of protection against infection, hospitalization and death caused by Covid-19.
A Emami , F Javanmardi , N Pirbonyeh ,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background & aim: COVID-19 has numerous and diverse clinical symptoms in different groups, which highlights the identification of common symptoms in children as silent carriers and the timely identification of patients to control the spread of this disease. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and investigate the prevalence of clinical symptoms of COVID-19-19 in children.
Methods: The present review and meta-analysis study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The prevalence of symptoms as identification factors of children with COVID-19 at the time of arrival to the hospital between January 2020 and April 2022 was investigated. Articles used in international and domestic databases using the keywords "children", "children", "Covid-19", "symptoms", "clinical symptoms", "fever", "diarrhea", "vomiting" ", "shortness of breath", "cough", "headache", "nausea", "shivering", "body pain", "fatigue" and "malaise" were searched. The collected data were evaluated using the Egger test to check the diffusion error and heterogeneity using the I2 test.
Results: In order to determine the prevalence of symptoms of covid-19 in children, a total of 261 articles were received, and finally 21 articles were considered in the analysis. In general, 2200 patients were examined in the present study. According to the results, fever with an overall prevalence of 47% and a confidence interval of 95% (38.96-50.50) is the highest symptom and diarrhea with an overall prevalence of 6.69% and a confidence interval (5.42-8.05) is the lowest.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, fever and cough were two prominent symptoms of the covid-19 disease in children, and considering that these two symptoms are common symptoms in most children's diseases, during the current epidemic, it is necessary to identify sick children or be considered contaminated.
F Modaresifard, M Barzegar , Sm Zamir , A Kamkar ,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background & aim: Acute attacks of epidemics and the physical risk have severe adverse psychological side-effects on post covid patients. Most importantly, COVID-19 survivors who experienced fear for survival are vulnerable to post-traumatic stress symptoms. The present study aimed to determine effectiveness of online compassion-focused therapy in reducing the severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms, increasing post-traumatic growth and studying the changes in hippocampus and amygdala volume in recovered patients infected with the corona virus in Shiraz and in It was done in 1401.
Methods: The present study was conducted between May 2021 and July 2022 among patients with delta variant COVID-19 in Fars province, Iran. The study’s statistical population included 40 patients with hospitalized history on delta variant (Covid-19) diagnosed with post-traumatic stress symptoms, who were purposefully sampled in two experimental groups (40 people) and control groups (20 people). The control group received standard treatment during this period. Inclusion criteria were not having specific mental disorders, being literate in reading and writing, suffering from corona disease. Exclusion criteria were not fully attending Psychotherapy classes, having a mental disorder. The participants responded to the Tedeschi and Calhoun's post-traumatic growth and development questionnaire, PCL-5 post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire. The researchers measured the volumes of hippocampus and corpus amygdaloideum (amygdaloid body), The 1.5 T MRI was taken at oblique coronal plane using a section thickness of 3 mm without any gap. The researchers correspondingly investigated right-left volume differences for hippocampus and corpus amygdaloideum. For data analysis, multivariate analysis of covariance, univariate analysis of covariance, mean and standard deviation were used.
Results: it was indicated thatSelf-compassion psychotherapy had a significant effect on post traumatic growth (p<0.001, F=62.548) and reducing post-traumatic stress (F=103.335, p<0.001). Furthermore, the volume of the hippocampus and amygdala of the compassion therapy group increased in the post-test phase (F=21.995, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Psychosocial interventions that promote more informed and organized rumination about the pandemic and enhance posttraumatic growth in response to prior traumatic events can help facilitate positive psychological changes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in post-chronic patients. slow down and also planning psychotherapy strategies in crises through telemedicine and online services should be taken into consideration.
H Nazari , R Ostavar , H Soltani ,
Volume 29, Issue 2 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background & aim: People, during recent decades, has been faced with atmospheric phenomena and environmental changes on the one hand, and with the emergence of new diseases on the other hand. The management of emerging diseases requires considering the ethical approach to control and care for these diseases. Ethical dilemmas resulting from new diagnostic and therapeutic advances in medical science have folded the necessity of dealing with medical ethics. One of the emerging diseases in the present century that practically the world has faced is the COVID-19 disease. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and identify the indicators related to the management of respiratory epidemics using Delphi phase D method and interpretive structural modeling.
Methods: The present case study and semi-structured interview was conducted on 12 experts and professors in 2021 and led to the formulation of research model criteria. In order to achieve this goal, the influencing factors and effective indicators on the model of managed care for emerging respiratory infectious diseases were identified based on the content analysis technique. At that point, these factors and indicators were categorized. The collected data were analyzed by thematic analysis with the help of MAXQDA. Twelve people among the effective people in the management of this disease were analyzed in the collected data using statistical tests of generalized linear models, Hetling's t-test and Bon Feroni's post-test.
Results: The results of the present research identified five main categories which were: financial provision, provision of resources, servicing and equipping, information and research and government agents. According to the output of ISM calculations, the variable of information and research (C4) and government factors (C5) were the first level. To determine the elements of the second level, the variables of the first level were removed and once again the set of inputs and outputs were calculated without considering the variables of the first level. Based on the common set of identification and variables whose commonality was equal to the set of inputs, they were selected as second level variables. According to the output of ISM calculations, the variables of financial provision (C1) and resource provision (C2) were the second level.
Conclusion: Medical centers can be highly prepared to deal with the crisis by adding capacities and standards. Due to the fact that these emerging respiratory infectious diseases have become a threat to the entire population of the world, it requires timely, appropriate and cost-effective policies and measures to control and reduce its deadly consequences. Corona virus crisis management planning requires strategy, policy and correct action.
H Mojiri Forushani , A Zahedi , M Imani ,
Volume 29, Issue 2 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background & aim: Opportunistic fungal infections following COVID-19 is problematic. Antifungal medications are as well used to treat people who have fungal infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of fungal infections and the usage of antifungal medications before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: The present descriptive, analytical, and retrospective study was conducted in 2021.The records of patients who were hospitalized in Abadan hospitals in the year before or the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic and received at least one of the antifungal medication’s fluconazole, caspofungin, or amphotericin B were extracted and assessed for the present study. Demographic information of patients, type of ward, and type of fungal infection, history of previous infection with covid-19 and severity of disease were extracted from patient files. Descriptive analysis, chi-square, and ANOVA statistics were used to analysis the data.
Results: The results indicated that the mucormycosis and aspergillus fungal infections had dramatically increased in the two years since the COVID-19 pandemic initiated. Although it was not statistically significant, the usage of antifungal medications rose in the two years following the beginning of COVID-19 compared to the prior two years. The mucormycosis fungus was the most prevalent fungal infection. The lung was the most commonly infected organ. All patients with fungal infection had a history of severe COVID-19 following the COVID-19 pandemic. The most often used medication was amphotericin B. This difference was substantial (P< 0.001) when aspergillosis patients received capsofungin, mucormycosis patients received amphotericin B, and candida patients received fluconazole.
Conclusion: The present indicated that aspergillosis and mucormycosis fungal infections were more common during the COVID-19 pandemic, and as a result, antifungal medication use has increased as well. Additionally, all three medications (fluconazole, caspofungin, and amphotericin B) were administrated according guidelines.
Sar Ahmadi , L Gholami, Jm Malekzadeh, A Hosseni , Sm Ahmadi ,
Volume 29, Issue 3 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background & aim: Diabetes is one of the five common chronic diseases all over the world, which can cause many complications if not treated and controlled. Mental health is an important factor against diseases that can even lead to improvement of physical health in people. The anxiety caused by the coronavirus has led to the fact that the mental health of people with underlying diseases such as diabetes is at risk, and their physical health is also affected by it. Considering the spread of the coronavirus epidemic, the purpose of the present study was to compare the anxiety and depression of patients with diabetes with average individuals during the spread of the coronavirus epidemic.
Methods: The present descriptive-analytical and comparative causal study included 300 people (150 diabetic patients, 150 normal people) who were selected by purposive sampling. The data of the present study was collected electronically using a 9-question patient health questionnaire and a 7-question general anxiety questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Klomogrov-Smirnov, independent t, t-test and chi-square statistical tests.
Results: In the present study, the average age of the participants was 27.48 years. Moreover, 191 female participants and 109 male participants, and the majority were university educated and married. The special findings of the study indicated that patients with diabetes experienced higher anxiety (t298=3.15, p<0.05) and depression (t298=2.23, p<0.05) than average individuals during the outbreak of corona disease and a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in the analysis of these two variables.
Conclusion: The results obtained from the present study indicated that the high level of anxiety and depression during the outbreak of the Corona epidemic made patients with diabetes more vulnerable to psychological problems.
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