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Introduction & Objective: Pedestrian injuries are a significant source of morbidity, mortality and disability among children. Prevention of these injuries is thus a major priority for public health and requires a comprehensive approach and educational strategies. The purpose of this study was designing and evaluation of an educational program, based on the PRECEED-PROCEED model for improvement of safety behavior in primary school boys. Materials & Methods: This study is a field trial carried out in 6th areas of Tehran in 2007. Participants (n=88) were 10 – 11 year old who followed by items measuring the PRECEED-PROCEED model before and after two months of intervention. The collected data were analyzed with T test, X2 and pair T test using SPSS software. Results: After participating in educational program, significant improvements were found in knowledge, attitude, behavior, enabling and reinforcing factors of the components of PRECEEDPROCEED model. Conclusion: The findings suggest the beneficial effects of educational intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on improving the safety behavior. It can be recommended that health education plan be used on educational models.

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Background & aim: Refractive errors are the most common reasons for patients' referring to ophthalmology clinics. As systemic hypertension causes significant complications for eyesight, this study was conducted to determine the association between refractive errors (with an emphasis on hyperopia) and systemic hypertension. Methods: This descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 217 patients over 35 years old referring to the Ophthalmology Clinic of Ayatollah Kashani Hospital of Shahrekord, Iran, for essential hypertension. Refractive errors were determined by an ophthalmologist and essential systemic hypertension was measured and recorded using standard laboratory procedures. Systolic pressure of > 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure of > 90 mmHg were considered as increase in blood pressure and refraction equal to ±0.5 as refractory error. The obtained data were analyzed by means of the SPSS software (version 17) using chi-square and t test. Results: The mean age of patients was 56.51±10.3 years. 28.1% of the patients were male and the rest female. 36.4% of the patients had myopia, 36.9% hyperopia, and 26.7% emmetropia. In case group patients, no significant difference was observed among myopic, hyperopic, and emmetropic patients (p≥0.02). Conclusion: The risk of developing systemic hypertension in hyperopic patients was higher compared to myopic and emmetropic. In addition, the association between the amount of hyperopia and mean blood pressure was not significant in hyperopic patients (p≤0.05).