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Introduction & Objective: Falls and related injuries in the elderly persons is a problematic subject from different views in the world. Some fall risk factors including impaired balance, abnormal gait and muscle weakness respond favorably to exercise. In the review of literatures, all exercises, have been performed in standing position. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the sitting balance exercises with inexpensive and simple instruments, such as board and ball in the elderly. Material & Methods: Through inclusion and exclusion criteria seventeen volunteer females were selected and one of participants was dropped out due to ankle injury at home. They participated in twenty consecutive days at exercise (each session, 16 minutes) in Kholdebarin center. Balance exercise was performed in sitting position in three different motions by rolling boards on a ball by both feet or each foot alone.Intervention efficacy was assessed by ABC (Activities- Specific Balance Confidence Scale), LSLS (Timed Left Single leg Stance), RSLS (Timed Right Single leg stance), SR (Sharpened Romberg) and 6WS (Six Meter Walking Speed time) scale tests before and after intervention. Results: The participant’s mean age and MMSE were 65 ± 4.7 and 23.4 ± 1 respectively. All the test results revealed significant improvement after exercise. Results of this study showed that this exercise protocol is effective (p <0.05) in improving the elderly balance and the use of team approach is useful to maintain the attendance. Conclusion: Foot & feet exercise on rolling boards in sitting position improved balance in the elderly ladies in a short period of time.

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Introduction & Objective: Rhinoplasty is the most common surgery in the facial plastic surgery . We suspect to have a lot of personality disorder in the rhinoplastic patients , so we design this study for finding the relationship between rhinoplasty and personality disorders. Material & Methods: This study were done on a group of 60 patients had referred to Amir ـ Aalam hospital in Tehran for rhinoplasty and a group of 60 persons in were in Amir ـ Aalam hospital for other purposes as a control group. Two groups were same age, gender, economy and educations. We have done this study with Minnesota personality test (MMPI). Results: We find out Iranian rhinoplastic patients have three personality disorders, compare to control group. Immature personality were found 21.6% in rhinoplastic patients compare 1.6% in control group (p<0.01). Seclusion 18.3% in rhinoplastic patients compare to 3.3% in control group (p<0.05). Hypochondriasis 20% in rhinoplastic patients compare to 6.6% in control group (p<0.01). Conclusion:Personality disorders are very common in rhinoplastic patients and knowledge about personality of patients before operation is very important. We recommend study about personality of patients before every rhinoplastic surgery.

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ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objective: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) caused by Leishmania Infantum is endemic in most Mediterranean basin and its seroprevalence ranges from 10 to 37%. Diagnosis of Infection is very important especially in asymptomatic dogs for control of human leishmaniasis for control of human visceral leishmaniasis. This study was aimed to compare three methods for detection of canine visceral leishmaniosis. Materials & Methods: In this research process study, 71 dogs were selected from 4 endemic villages in Meshkin-Shahr district. Peripheral blood samples were tested by serologic (DAT and Dipstick rK39) and molecular (PCR) methods. Skin samples were tested by molecular (PCR) methods. Twelve samples of PCR products were sequenced that all of them were identified as Leishmania infantum and 2 nucleotide sequence data submitted to the GenBank database. Results: From 71 dogs that were studied, 21.1% were symptomatic and others were asymptomatic(78.9%). 17 dogs (23.9%) had ≥ 1:320 titer of antibody by direct agglutination test (DAT). Twenty two dogs(31%) were positive by Dipstick rK39 test, 21 dogs (29.6%) were positive by PCR on skin samples, 31 dogs (43.7%) were positive in blood PCR and 38 dogs (53.5%) were positive by skin/blood PCR. The highest correlation was between DAT and Dipstick test (76%). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, we can diagnose infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs by DAT as a suitable method and PCR is suitable to follow parasite DNA in skin and other tissues of dogs. Keywords: Direct Agglutination Test(DAT), Dipstick rK39, PCR, Visceral Leishmaniosis, Dog

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Introduction & Objective: Most adults have surely once experienced a headache. A high percentage of these headaches are the referred pain from cervical structures, such as neck muscles, known as cervicogenic headaches. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of injection of methylprednisolone acetate at the Gallbladder-20 acupuncture points in muscle originated chronic and drug resistant headaches. Materials & Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2009-2010, 25 patients with both chronic and drug resistant cervicogenic headaches, who had cervical muscle tender points, underwent methylprednisolone acetate injection. To evaluate the severity of these patients' headache, VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) was used. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS software and Wilcoxon test. Results: The Mean headache intensity on the visual scale of these people before the injection was 3 .2 ± 76.7. This value was 2.60±2.9, 3 days after injection. The values at 1 and 3 months post procedure were 3.52±3.3, and 3.48±3.5, respectively. In other words, a statistically significant loss of pain score (P<0.001) was observed. The frequency of headache attacks 1 and 3 months after injection decreased 72% and 76% among patients, respectively. Average duration of headache attacks, one month and three months after injection, was decreased in 72 percent of patients. Conclusion: Injection of methylprednisolone acetate at the GB-20acu points in muscle originated cervicogenic headache could be used as an appropriate therapy that has significant therapeutic efficacies only when injected once.

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& objectives: Today, different methods for maintaining reproductive capability in young women with cancer are being considered. One of the most prominent of these methods is ovarian tissue transplant. Despite the relative success of this method, the appropriate location and methods of transplantation is still a matter of discussion. The present study evaluated the histomorphology of fresh ovarian tissue transplantation by two methods, inter muscular and intra muscular, in Balb/C mice. Methods & Materials: The study was conducted at Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in 2009. Fresh ovarian tissues from 12-14 day old Balb/C mice were transplanted into back muscles of ovarectomized 6 week old Balb/C mice both intermuscularly and intramuscularly. All transplanted mice received intra-peritoneal injections of a unit of rFSH for 4 weeks, every other day. At the end of the tenth week, all transplant recipient mice were killed and the transplanted ovarian tissues were removed. All samples were assessed for the angiogenesis and viability of follicles. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, using independent t- test. Results: In intermuscular transplanted group, the transplanted tissues were rejected in two cases. In the sections prepared from the other cases, in spite of the presence of some small necrotic areas, the majority of ovarian tissues had a healthy appearance within the primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles. Apart from a significant reduction in the number of follicles and smaller size of follicles in the transplanted tissue in comparison with control group, no other major differences in morphology, histology, and the process of maturation of ovarian follicles were observed between the transplanted and control groups. Conclusion: Fresh ovarian tissue transplantation into muscles of the back area without basic vascular pedicle has new angiogenesis capabilities, appropriate survival and development of primordial follicles and significant natural growth of maturing follicles. Degeneration of transplanted tissue in the intra muscular area indicates that it is an inappropriate site for transplantation.

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Abstract Background & aim: Considering the fact that infertility causes infertility problems in the marital relationship so, this study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of short-term couples therapy self-regulation on marital intimacy of infertile. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 20 couples were selected for sampling then they randomly into two experimental and control groups and each group was assigned 10 couples. Marital Intimacy scale was used to collect the data. Experimental intervention (self-regulatory couple therapy) was conducted on the experimental group for 8 sessions in duration of 90 minute per week. One month after completion of the training program, both groups were post-tested. Repeated measure was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that infertile couples marital intimacy increased self treatment groups compared with the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Short-term couple's therapy self-regulation is effective for increasing marital intimacy. Key words: Self-regulation, Couple Therapy, Marital Intimacy, Infertility

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Abstract Background and aim: In recent decades, inappropriate antibiotic therapy has been led to the emergence of strains resistant to methicillin and vancomycin. Since the main source of infection and transmission of Staphylococcus aureus is by hospital staff, the aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of S.aureus strains isolated from hospital staff of Jahrom. Undo edits Methods: In this cross - sectional study, 397 of the anterior nasal samples of medical personnel and hospital services were collected by swab. The identification of S.aureus was determined by biochemical tests and microbiology, and the antibiotic resistances of isolates were determined by disk diffusion method for 13 antibiotics. In this method, the inhibition zone for methicillin-resistant strains was ≤ 10 mm the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against antibiotic vancomycin, ticoplanin, linezolid and synercid were determined by E-test method. Results: In the present study, 11.3% of personals carried S. aureus in the nose. Among them, 90% were health care workers and 10% were health service workers. The most sensitivity was observed resistance to Ciprofloxacin, rifampin, linezolid and synercid (91.1%), but the lowest sensitivity was to penicillin (4.7%). of 9 MRSA strains, 1 strain was resistance to vancomycin and 2 strains were resistant to teicoplanin and linezolid. Conclusion: Because of S. aureus strains isolated from hospital staffs were resistant to most common antibiotics, identification and treatment of health care and health service workers can prevent nosocomial infections. Key words: Staphylococcu aureus carriers, hospital personnel, antibiotic resistance.

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Background & aim: Malaria is considered to be a major health problem in many countries. The aim of this study was to identify new species of Culicidae larval habitat of Anopheles and to determine their distribution in the Kohgiloye and Boyer province, Iran. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, the larval habitats of three cities (including Yasuj, Dehdasht and Gachsaran) of Kohgiloye and Boyer Ahmad province was conducted during 2012. Samples were collected with a scoop by ladle handling for Entomology. The collected Larvae were canned in Lactophenol solution with features and code related transferred to entomology laboratory of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The microscopic slides were prepared using a Lekidofore solution and were identified with key valid diagnosis. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 11.5. Results: A total of 1043 samples of mosquito larvae were identified in different parts of Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad in 2 genera and 12 species. These identified species were: Anopheles ( Cellia)superpictus Grassi, An.(Cel.)fluviatilis James, An.(Cel.)dthali Patton, An.(Cel.)turkhudi Liston, An.(Cel.)stephensi Liston, An.(Cel.) subpictus Grassi, An.(Anopheles)sacharovi Favre, Cx.(Cux.)theileri Theobad, Cx.(Cux.)sitiens Wiedemann, Cx.( Cux.)pipens Linnaeus, Cx.(Cux.)pusillus Macquart, Cx.(Cux.)perxiguus Theobald. Culex pipens larvae was predominant and Cx.(Cux.)sitiens, Cx.(Cux.)perxiguus, An.sacharovi were found as the lowest larvae . Culicidae Culex mosquito larvae was the highest and the lowest species were Cx.(Cux.)sitiens, Cx.(Cux.)perxiguus, An.sacharovi. Conclusion:Culex pipens was the dominant species. Exclusive molecular and morphological studies will be essential to identify the malaria vectors, An.stephensi complex and An.superpictus complex in this area

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Abstract Background & aim: Formative research is done to identify and analyze the related factors for a behavior and determining an initiative idea for intervention. This study aimed at knowing about viewpoints of taxi drivers in Yasuj and assessing attitudes and behaviors in driving. In this way, a behavioral intervention will be designed for decreasing risky driving behaviors. Methods: This cross-sectional study including qualitative and quantitative on taxi drivers in Yasuj. In qualitative part, data were explored from 16 drivers in two focal group discussions and in quantitative survey, a questionnaire is used for measuring attitudes and self-reported behaviors and a checklist is used for recording observational behaviors of 260 taxi drivers. Descriptive and analytical statistics for quantitative were used. All discussions with taxi drivers were recorded, categorized and analyzed and its findings summarized in five main themes. Results: Majority of taxi drivers had desired attitudes toward risky driving behaviors. More than 80 percent reported that always or most times avoid doing risky driving. However, observation showed that not fastening seatbelt through route is the most frequent behaviors among taxi drivers. In focal group discussions, four themes and few sub-themes were explored and the main recommendations for reducing risky driving behaviors were continuous education, road modification, increasing police supervision and using route supervisors as opinion leaders of taxi drivers. Conclusion: Determining frequent risky driving behaviors, attention to viewpoints of drivers and selecting segments based on influencing factors on their behaviors can be effective for reducing risky driving behaviors. Key words: Formative research, Risky driving behaviors, attitude, Taxi drivers, Social marketing

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Background and aim: Considering the rise of HIV transmission through sexual contact, the necessity of disease prevention through sexually transmitted is apparent from the models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational program based on health belief model in health beliefs about AIDS in high school female students in tehran. Methods: The present interventional study was conducted on 77 students in level one, two and three as intervention group and 72 students as control group from two high schools of area 8. Data collection tool was a questionnaire containing demographic information and questions related to the health belief model. After pretest on both groups the only intervention group was educated based on HIV and AIDS preventive behaviors. Collected data were analyzed by Paired t-test and Independent t-test. Results: In spite of similarity in both groups at baseline, the intervention was carried out based on health belief leads to a significant improvement in knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits and self-efficacy respectively (p< 0.05). It also indicated that the students' perceived barriers to HIV preventive behaviors and beliefs associated to the disease significantly declined (p <0.05). Conclusion: Results of study revealed that the educational program might improve the health beliefs of the students regarding HIV preventive behaviors. Therefore it is recommended to high schools if the training program be approved by other studies.

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Bachground & aim: Pulse oximetry and cardiac catheterization are concerned in the treatment of children with congenital heart disease. Diagnosis of arterial oxygen saturation in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) can be used to assess and manage their effecacy. The purpose of this study was to compare pulse oximetry and cardiac catheterizations in treatment manage of children with congenital heart disease. Methods: In the present cross sectional study, 110 patients with cyanic and non syani heart disease were studied undergoing right and left heart catheterization by pulse oximetry of index finger and simultaneously, oxygen saturation was measured by cardiac catheterization. Data were analyzed with SPSS software by using Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: A significant correlation was seen between arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry and arterial oxygen saturation (p<0.0001) as well as heart rate, electrocardiogram and pulse oximetry (p<0.0001) respectively. Furthermore, the presence of cyanosis (p=0.001), digital clubbing of the fingers ((p=0.001), low oxygen saturation in the superior vena cava and right atrium (p=0.002) can reduce the accuracy of pulse oximetry for detection of arterial oxygen saturation. The mean right atrial pressure can effect on accuracy of pulse oximetry to detect heartbeat (p=0.034). Maximum sensitivity and specificity for detection of pulse oximetry oxygen saturation was 88 % and 88 heart rate per minute. Conclusion: Pulse oximetric is a useful tool for estimating the arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and is a non-invasive method in comparison with cardiac catheterization. Key words: Pulse oximeter, Congenital Heart Disease, Cardiac Catheterization

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Background & aim: Brucellosis or Malta fever is a highly contagious zoonosis disease. In addition to clinical complications, the disease leads to an important economic loss. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and epidemiological prevalence of brucellosis in the Kohgilooye and Boyerahmad province (2009-2013). Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 374 patients with brucellosis in a period of five-year (2009-2013). Demographic data and address of all patients were obtained from the health centers of Kohgilooye and Boyerahmad province and analyzed based on the statistical methods. For data analysis, descriptive and analytical tests were performed. Results: Distribution of patients in this study showed that the majority of patients were in the Kohgilooye, Boyerahmad and Gachsaran districts, respectively, and the lowest were in Basht and Bahmaei districts. Among 374 patients, 8.5%, 23.5% and 68% of cases showed nomadic, urban and rural origin, respectvely. 84% of patients had a history of contact with animals and 31.5% were ranchers and slaughterhouse workers in the province. 50.5% and 49.5% of patients were female and male respectively.The mean age of patients was 39 years old. Conclusion: Contact with livestock plays an important role in prevalence of brucellosis in this province. Refering to report of notable urban cases, consumption of contaminated diary may have priority in the urban regions. This study provides a guideline for health managers to determine hazard regions of brucellosis and so perform the more efficient and with lower budget control deals in this province.

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Introduction and objective: Tooth caries is the most prevalent infectious disease in children. The purpose of this study was to assess carries experience indexes and related factors among 7-12 year-old school children in Yasuj, Iran, in 2014.

Materials and methods: In the present Cross-sectional and analytical study, using a two-stage random sampling, 460 students from primary schools of Yasuj city and surrounding villages were selected. The children were clinically examined at their school by a professional calibrated dentistry team. Their demographic and socioeconomic status, mouth health behaviors and teeth carries status and consumed nutritional materials were gathered by a questioner and a dental chart. The data were analyzed using inferential statistical methods. The SPSS software version 22 was used to extract the outputs and &alpha=0.05 was considered as the significant level.

Results: The dental caries prevalence of deciduous, permanent and total of  two type of dents were  75.2, 41.1 and  89.8 percent, respectively and the dmft, DMFT and dmft+DMFT indexes were 3.57, 0.87, and 4.44, respectively.. The caries prevalence of permanent teeth and DMFT in girls were significantly higher than boys (p=0.046), but the caries prevalence in total of dents in boys was significantly higher than girls ( p=0.32). Furthermore, the dental caries prevalence in permanent teeth and DMFT in children resident in rural areas were significantly higher than those in urban areas (p<0.0001). The DMFT had a direct association with the children’s age and the dmft + DMFT index had a significant adverse linear correlation with Body Mass Index (BMI) of children (p=0.004). Moreover, the output indicated that tooth caries experiences in children who used dental flossing was significantly lower (p=0.027). Correspondingly, in children who used tooth brushing, consumed dairy foods, whom their fathers being official employees and parents having higher education, dental caries prevalence was lower (p>0.1).

 Conclusions: Prevalence and severity score of dental caries among 7 - 12 year-old Yasuj students were higher than the WHO standards. The tooth caries experiences were more prevalent in boys and in children resident in rural areas, increased with age and decreased with BMI and less prevalent in children with higher family socioeconomic status. Tooth brushing and flossing and consuming dairy foods were protective agents in occurring tooth caries in primary school children in Yasuj, Iran.

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Background & aim: Gestational diabetes is defined as diagnosing impaired glucose tolerance for the first time during pregnancy. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of aerobic and resistance training on fasting blood sugar, insulin and insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes.

Methods: A total of 34 women with gestational diabetes voluntarily participated in the present Semi- experimental interventional study, which were selected from the available sampling pool. The participants were randomly assigned into 3 groups. 12 participants (age 28/92 ± 3/60 years) participated in an aerobic training group (3 days/week, 30-45 min/day, 50-70%maximum heart rate), 11 participants (age 30/27 ± 4/14 years) participated in a resistance training group (3 days/week, 2-3 set of 15 repetition, 50-70%maximum heart rate and Rating of perceived exertion), and 11 participants (age 29/18 ± 4/23 years)  were in control group who did not participate in any exercise program during the study period. Blood samples were collected in the pre-test and post-test to assess the level of blood sugar and insulin. Statistical analysis of covariance was used to compare the groups. The data were analyzed by the SPSS software (ver.23. The significant level was considered p≤0.05.

Results: The results of the present study showed a significant difference in insulin plasma levels  (p = 0.031), insulin resistance index (p = 0.008) and insulin sensitivity among groups. T-test results indicated a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar of resistance group (p=0.12) but no increase was observed in the aerobic group. At the levels of insulin, insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, no significant changes were observed in exercise group.

Conclusion: It was concluded that resistance training compared with aerobic training was more effective in reducing fasting glucose levels in women with gestational diabetes.

 fasting blood sugar, insulin, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, pregnancy

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Abstract

Background & aim: Nearly a decade the World Health Organization has tried to provide a unique definition of community mental health. But due to the complexity of psychosocial and cultural context, it is not provided. The purpose of the study was to determine indexes community mental health of children and adolescents in the province of Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad.

Methods: This study was conducted as a hybrid approach (qualitative and quantitative). Delphi technique was used in qualitative research. In the current study, 31 experts, children and adolescents of Social Welfare organizations were selected as snowball method throughout the province of Kohgiluyeh & Boyerahmad. The primary data to run the Delphi Technique was gathered in three stages from the participants. The quantitative data were analyzed using factor analysis.

Results: The results indicated that the main indicators of psychosocial health lie in intrapersonal (emotional self-awareness, risk-taking and self-respect), interpersonal (participation, social responsibility, and social relationships), stress (stress management and controlling emotions) and adaptability (flexibility and happiness) components. The results also showed that decreasing gender-related discriminations and rise in the educational level of parents are the major strengths and lack of required standards in child-care centers, lack of involvement of young adolescents in decision-making and lack of social skills in families are the major weaknesses of psychosocial health.

Conclusion: Given the right conditions, and in order to safeguard children and adolescents against the grave consequences awaiting them, the organizations charged with the responsibility should raise the children and adolescents in such a way that they meet the professional needs of the society and feel responsible when it comes to these responsibilities and commitments. 

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Background and aim: Adverse effects inner anger and interpersonal relationships will follow on from the other parent behavior management training and promoting and improving relations between parent-child.در این راستا هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مدیریت رفتار براساس مدل بارکلی در کاهش خشم دانش آموزان دختر و پسر قلدر دوره اول متوسطه بود.

Methods: The present Experimental research used a pretest– posttest and a control group. جامعه آماری شامل دانش آموزان دختر و پسر دوره اول متوسطه شهر تبریز که در سال تحصیلی 93-1392 مشغول به تحصیل بودند. The population consisted of male and female junior high school students in Tabriz who were enrolled in the 2012-2013 school year. به منظور اجرای پژوهش پس از انجام سرند توسط معلمان و اجرای پرسشنامه قلدر/قربانی الویوس، 30نفر از کودکانی که براساس نمرات کسب شده در پرسشنامه الویوس، به عنوان قلدر طبقه بندی شده بودند به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه 15 نفری آزمایش و کنترل جایگزین شدند؛ و پس از تکمیل پرسشنامه خشم نیلسون(2000) توسط دانش آموزان قلدر؛ والدین گروه آزمایش به مدت 9جلسه (45 دقیقه ای) در برنامه آموزش مدیریت رفتار قرارگرفتند، ولی گروه کنترل هیچگونه آموزشی دریافت نکرد.Therefore, after screening by the teachers and the Nelson anger questionnaire, 30 children who, according to scores on the questionnaire were bullies, were classified randomly into two groups of 15 cases and controls were replaced and after completing the questionnaire anger Nilsson (2000) bullying by students, parents groups for 9 sessions (45 minutes each) were treated in a management training program, while the control group received no training. آزمودنی ها پس پایان جلسات آموزش مدیریت رفتار والدین ، مورد بررسی مجدد قرار گرفتند. Parent Management Training participants after the end of the session, were reviewed and followed a month later. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری18 SPSS و با استفاده از شاخص های توصیفی و آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری مورد تجزیه وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاکی از اثربخشی آموزش مدیریت رفتاری والدین بر کاهش خشم نوجوانان قلدر (05/0 P< ) بود. Data were analyzed by the SPSS version 18 statistical software using descriptive indicators and multivariate analysis.

Results: The results indicated the effectiveness of Parent Management Training to Reduce Anger of the teen bullies (P <0.05), respectively.فقط در مولفه های ناکامی و پرخاشگری بدنی تفاوت معنی داری نبود و در مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش مدیریت رفتار به دختران و پسران گروه آزمایش، نتایج نشان داد که در بین دختران و پسران گروه آزمایش تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد این نشانگر این است که آموزش مدیریت رفتار به والدین درکاهش خشم نوجوانان قلدر، هردوگروه تاثیر مثبت داشته است. . نتایج درمرحله پیگیری نیز تفاوت معناداری (05/0 P< ) را بین گروه آزمایش وکنترل نشان داد. The results of the follow-up phase difference (P <0.05) between the test and control groups, respectively.

Conclusion: The findings revealed that the behavioral management training had been effective in reducing anger bullying teenagers that might have been due to the effect of education on their daily relations.

کلید واژه‌ها: آموزش مدیریت رفتار، بهزیستی روانشناختی، قلدری Keywords: Anger, Bulling, Behavior management training

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Abstract:
Background and aim: Cancer is classified as a chronic disease. In spite of medical advances, cancer treatment and an increase in the number of cancer patients, it remains unique in terms of frustration and deep fear in the person. Parents of children with cancer are more likely to experience psychological problems than those of healthy children, such as anxiety, depression, and stress and, in general, mental health threats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the quality of life of mothers with a child with cancer.

Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study, a pretest-posttest with control group, among mothers of children with cancer who referred to the Cancer Children's Support Center in Tehran in 1395, 30 mothers were selected as on the basis of entry and exit criteria and was randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (each subgroup of 15 people). The quality of life of the subjects was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (ANKOVA). Participants in the experimental group were exposed to acceptance and commitment treatment for 8 sessions, while patients in the control group received no treatment. Data were analyzed using one-variable covariance test (ANCOVA).

Results: The mean and standard deviation of quality of life scores in the pre-testl group and in the pre-test were 70.4 ± 6.40 and 92.97 ± 13.35 respectively. In the control group, the mean and standard deviation of quality of life scores before and after the intervention were 69.07 ± 5.73 and 68 ± 7.58. The results of one-variable covariance analysis indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy significantly improved the quality of life of the experimental group in the post-test (F = 45.35, p <0.01).



Conclusion: Admission and commitment based interventions were effective in improving the quality of life of mothers of cancerous children. The treatment is recommended as an effective and appropriate treatment option to reduce the psychological problems of parents of children with chronic diseases.
 
 

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Background & aim: Dextrocardia is a cardiac positional abnormality in which the heart is located in the right hemotorax with the apex axis to the right. Dextrocardia is a rare anomaly with a prevalence of about 1 in every 10,000 people. The aim of this study was to determine and report a pregnancy in a woman with dextrocardia with liver hemangioma.


Case Report: A 30-year-old woman, with a first pregnancy, 34 weeks gestational pregnancy, reported cardiac and abdominal visceral displacement. Mild mitral valve insufficiency was reported in echocardiography and in ultrasound, spleen and liver in the left upper quadrant and right ventricle and in the midline (Situs inverse) and an echogenic mass suggestive of hemangioma. The liver is. The size of the hemangioma in this ultrasound did not change compared to pre-pregnancy ultrasound. Also, NT1 ultrasound and normal and fetal scan anomalies showed no abnormalities or displacement of viscera.

Conclusion: In spite of the rare occurrence of dextrocardial malformations, thorough physical examination and ultrasound should be performed in such cases and in the absence of syndromic anomalies, they will most likely have a risk-free pregnancy.
 
 

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Background & aim: During school, students experience many emotional and emotional changes at the same time as physical and cognitive changes, including anxiety and anger, which can affect interpersonal relationships and be destructive if they are out of control. Because for children and adolescents, emotion regulation training is a key point forgotten in parenting education, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of emotion regulation therapy training based on dialectical behavioral therapy on reduce  anxiety and anger students.

Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study were all female high school students in Lande, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, in the academic year 2017-2018. Among them, 36 participants were selected according to the conditions of entering the research by the available sampling method and were randomly selected in two experimental groups (18) and control (18). The Beck Anxiety Questionnaire (1990) and the Novako Anger Scale (1986) were used to gather information in two stages, pre-test and post-test. Dialectical Emotion-Based Emotional Behavioral Training Therapy session was performed for nine 90-minute sessions per week for the experimental group, but the control group did not receive this training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS-24 statistical software. 

Results: The results of data analysis indicated that emotion regulation therapy based on dialectical behavioral therapy was effective in reducing anxiety (F=14.077; P <0.001) and anger (F=7.422; P <0.004); This means that in the post-test, the mean score of anxiety (M=23.10; SD=4.57) and anger (M=38.06; SD=1.33) decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be established that teaching emotion regulation based on dialectical behavioral therapy leads to reduction of students 'anxiety and anger, and this treatment method can be used to prevent and reduce students' anxiety and anger. 

   

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Background & aim: Soy milk is a appropriate source of protein for the elderly as a result of its high absorption rate and amino acids. The present study was performed to determine and evaluate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training and soy milk consumption on lipid profile, body composition and some physical fitness factors in elderly women.
 
Methods: In the present semi-experimental study, 48 elderly women (age 65±2.2 years) in Yasuj, Iran, were selected by targeted sampling method and at that point randomly divided in four groups of resistance training + soy milk (n=12), resistance training + placebo (n=12), soy milk (n=12) and placebo (n=12). Forty-eight hours before and after the intervention, body composition tests, physical fitness and blood samples were taken. Data analysis was performed using dependent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance and LSD follow-up test at a significance level of less than 0.05.
 
Results: After eight weeks, weight, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, TG, TC and LDL-C significantly decreased in the intervention groups, but HDL-C significantly increased (p<0.05). It is worth noting that only in the resistance training + soy milk and resistance training + placebo groups, the percentage of fat decreased and the strength of the upper limbs, the strength of the lower limbs and the maximum oxygen consumption increased significantly (p<0.05).
 
Conclusion: It seems that resistance training and consumption of soy milk as a non-pharmacological method can be an effective factor in preventing and promoting the health of elderly women by improving lipid profile, body composition and physical fitness