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:: Volume 30, Issue 3 (4-2025) ::
__Armaghane Danesh__ 2025, 30(3): 353-373 Back to browse issues page
The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Aerial Parts of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) in Comparison with mMetformin in Diabetes Type II Induced by Dexamethasone in Rats
A Arjomand1 , MS Talebianpour1 , B Mansouri2 , J Nikbakht3
1- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
2- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
3- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran , jafar_nikbakht@yahoo.com
Abstract:   (1032 Views)
Background & aim:  Diabetes is one of the main causes of death. Type 2 diabetes is caused by insulin resistance or insufficient insulin secretion or inappropriately increased glucagon secretion and causes various complications including; neuropathies, retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular complications. Diabetes is a chronic disease and requires long-term treatment to reduce the complications of this disease and also the mortality caused by it. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) on type 2 diabetes induced by dexamethasone in rats compared to metformin.

Methods: The present research was an experimental study conducted in 2024. To induce type 2 diabetes, dexamethasone was administered subcutaneously daily at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for one month. 30 male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups including: healthy control (receiving dexamethasone carrier containing normal saline), diabetic control (receiving dexamethasone at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day), treatment group 1 (treated with a dose of 250 mg/kg/day of yarrow extract), treatment group 2 (treated with a dose of 500 mg/kg/day of yarrow extract), and treatment group 3 (treated with a dose of 150 mg/kg/day of metformin). The treatment period with metformin and hydroalcoholic extract of yarrow was 23 days by gavage starting on the seventh day of the period. In this study, on the tenth and last day of the study, blood was taken from the tail of the animals using an insulin syringe and their sugar was measured and recorded using a glucometer. At the end of the study, the animals were anesthetized with ether, blood samples were collected from their hearts and used to measure serum lipid profiles (TG, HDLc, LDLc) with an autoanalyzer and to measure malondialdehyde using a standard method. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey statistical tests using SPSS software.

Results: The findings indicated that the hydroalcoholic extract of yarrow significantly reduced blood sugar levels and significantly increased HDL (p<0.05). The results revealed that the effect of the extract was less than that of metformin in the mentioned criteria. In terms of the effect, the hydroalcoholic extract of yarrow and metformin significantly and with similar effect reduced LDLc (p<0.01). Furthermore, this extract, unlike metformin, had no effect on TG.

Conclusion: The aerial parts of yarrow had beneficial effects on blood glucose and lipid profile, but its effects in turn are lower in comparison to metformin, and further studies are needed to determine its therapeutic dosage.


 
Keywords: Yarrow, Metformin, Type II diabetes, Dexamethasone, Oxidative stress.
Full-Text [PDF 713 kb]   (26 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2025/02/12 | Accepted: 2025/09/3 | Published: 2025/09/17
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Arjomand A, Talebianpour M, Mansouri B, Nikbakht J. The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Aerial Parts of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) in Comparison with mMetformin in Diabetes Type II Induced by Dexamethasone in Rats. armaghanj 2025; 30 (3) :353-373
URL: http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/article-1-3439-en.html
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Volume 30, Issue 3 (4-2025) Back to browse issues page
ارمغان دانش Armaghane Danesh
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